Using biocontrol agents and sodium nitrophenolate to control powdery mildew and improve the growth and productivity of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.)

Authors

  • Hamada F.A. AHMED Plant Pathology Research Institute, Department of Ornamental, Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Diseases, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza P.O. Box 12619 (EG)
  • Gomaa A. ABDEL-WAHED Plant Pathology Research Institute, Department of Ornamental, Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Diseases, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza P.O. Box 12619 (EG)
  • Atef M. MOHAMED Fayoum University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology, Fayoum P.O. Box 63514 (EG)
  • Ragab S. TAHA Beni-Suef University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Pathology, Beni-Suef P.O. Box 62521 (EG)
  • Mahmoud F. SELEIMAN King Saud University, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, Department of Plant Production, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451 (EG)
  • Naeem KHAN University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agronomy, Gainesville, FL 32611 (EG)
  • Mohamed M. MOUSSA Menoufia University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Menoufia P.O. Box 32511 (EG)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha52113589

Keywords:

biocontrol agents, Calendula officinalis, morphological/ flowering/ biochemical parameters, powdery mildew, sodium nitrophenolate

Abstract

In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to investigate the potential of four biocontrol agents (BCAs), namely Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Trichoderma viride, and T. harzianum, individually and in combination with sodium nitrophenolate (SN) to control marigold powdery mildew. The results showed that all treatments led to a significant inhibition in the conidial germination of Golovinomyces cichoracearum in vitro. Maximum inhibition was recorded by T. harzianum (1×109 CFU mL-1) + SN (1.5%), followed by T. viride + SN, and B. megaterium + SN at the same concentrations as follows: 83.6, 79.1, and 70.6%, respectively. While the lowest inhibition (20.4%) was recorded by P. fluorescens (1×105 CFU mL-1). In the greenhouse, all treatments applied significantly reduced the disease severity and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). The combination treatments had a better disease control response than individual treatments. Similar results were achieved in the field, where disease severity reduced to 9.2 and 10.3% in plants treated with T. harzianum + SN in the first and second seasons, respectively, compared to 40.2 and 44.1% in control in both seasons. Likewise, AUDPC reduced to 274 and 315 in plants treated with T. harzianum + SN in the first and second seasons, respectively, compared to 1207 and 1340 in control in both seasons. The treatments improved growth and productivity characteristics, as well as photosynthetic pigments, total phenolic compounds (TPC), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, while significantly reducing free proline (FP). In conclusion, BCAs applied individually or in combination with SN can be used effectively to suppress powdery mildew of marigold.

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2024-03-27

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AHMED, H. F., ABDEL-WAHED, G. A., MOHAMED, A. M., TAHA , R. S., SELEIMAN, M. F., KHAN, N., & MOUSSA, M. M. (2024). Using biocontrol agents and sodium nitrophenolate to control powdery mildew and improve the growth and productivity of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 52(1), 13589. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha52113589

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DOI: 10.15835/nbha52113589

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