Genetic diversity assessment and in vitro propagation of some date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) varieties
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha51413449Keywords:
date palm, diversity assessment, genetic polymorphism, ISSR-PCR, micropropagation, molecular markers, regenerationAbstract
The evaluation of genetic diversity is crucial for breeders to develop strategies and improve the resilience, quality, and adaptability of the date palm. In this study, the genetic diversity of three date palm varieties was performed using ISSR-PCR molecular markers to determine its relationship with in vitro propagation response of these varieties. The molecular profiling was performed using ISSR-PCR. A total of 49 loci were produced by the PCR reactions, 38 of which were polymorphic while 11 were monomorphic. The level of polymorphism revealed by ISSR-PCR varied from 33.33% to 100%. The three date palm varieties were grouped into two clusters based on the results of cluster analyses that used morphological data and molecular profiles. Cluster I comprised the ‘Barhy’ variety and Cluster II included ‘Magdoul’ and ‘Amri’ varieties. The clustering analyses revealed the independence of the ‘Barhy’ variety in its characteristics from the other varieties based on either morphological or molecular data. The results of in vitro propagation showed that the ‘Amri’ variety exhibited the highest callus induction frequency (86.28%), callus weight (2.33 g), number of somatic embryos (9.32), number of shoots (14.62), number of roots (4.11), root length (4.63 cm), shoot length (13.61 cm) followed by ‘Magdoul’ and ‘Barhy’ varieties. The ‘Amri’ variety had the shortest callus induction period, at 23.26 days while the ‘Barhy’ variety exhibited the longest period of callus induction (28.55). It was deduced from the study that the ISSR marker reproduced trustworthy patterns of bands to determine the genetic diversity among different date palm varieties that are considered the cornerstone for the genetic improvement of date palms. The understanding of the relationship between genetic diversity and in vitro propagation response of date palm is essential for ensuring the long-term sustainability of its crop. This will facilitate better conservation and development of new date palm varieties that fulfil the needs of farmers and consumers.
References
Abdalla N, El-Ramady H, Seliem MK, El-Mahrouk ME, Taha N, Bayoumi Y, Shalaby TA, Dobránszki J (2022). An academic and technical overview on plant micropropagation challenges. Horticulturae 8:677. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8080677
Agarwal M, Shrivastava N, Padh H, (2008). Advances in molecular marker techniques and their applications in plant sciences. Plant Cell Reports 27:617-631. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-008-0507-z
Aleid SM, Al-Khayri JM, Al-Bahrany AM (2015). Date palm status and perspective in Saudi Arabia. Date Palm Genetic Resources and Utilization: Volume 2: Asia and Europe 49-95. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9707-8_3
Al-Khalifah N, Askari E (2003). Molecular phylogeny of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars from Saudi Arabia by DNA fingerprinting. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 107:1266-1270. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-003-1369-y
Al-Khayri J (2007). Date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. micropropagation, Protocols for micropropagation of woody trees and fruits. Springer, pp 509-526. https://doi.org/510.1007/1978-1001-4020-6352-1007_1046
Al-Khayri J-M, Alshamrani S-M, Rezk A-A, Shehata W-F, Almaghasla M-I, Shalaby T-A, Saad A-M, Safhi F-A, Sattar M-N, Latef A-A-A, Sitohy M-Z, Hassanin A-A (2023). Pre-breeding genetic diversity assessment of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars based on molecular, morphological and physicochemical parameters. Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 92:1493-1512. https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2023.027375
Al-Khayri JM, Mahdy EMB, Taha HSA, Eldomiaty AS, Abd-Elfattah MA, Abdel Latef AAH, … Hassanin AA (2022). Genetic and morphological diversity assessment of five kalanchoe genotypes by SCoT, ISSR and RAPD-PCR markers. Plants 11:1722. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11131722
Bekheet S (2011). In vitro conservation of date palm germplasm. Date Palm Biotechnology 337-360. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1318-5_17
Berk RA (2010). Data mining within a regression framework. In: Maimon O, Rokach L (Eds). Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Handbook. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp 209-230. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09823-4_11
Bottino PJ (1981). Methods in plant tissue culture. Kemtec Educational Corp. Kensington, Md.
Davies PJ (1995). The plant hormone concept: concentration, sensitivity and transport. In: Davies PJ (Ed). Plant Hormones: Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 13-38. https://doi.org/10.1007/1978-1094-1011-0473-1009_1002
de Carvalho Silva R, Carmo LST, Luis ZG, Silva LP, Scherwinski-Pereira JE, Mehta A (2014). Proteomic identification of differentially expressed proteins during the acquisition of somatic embryogenesis in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Journal of Proteomics 104:112-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2014.03.013
Dice LR (1945). Measures of the amount of ecologic association between species. Ecology 26:297-302. https://doi.org/10.2307/1932409
El Hadrami A, Daayf F, Elshibli S, Jain SM, El Hadrami I (2011). Somaclonal variation in date palm. Date Palm Biotechnology 183-203.
El Hadrami I, Baaziz MJBP (1995). Somatic embryogenesis and analysis of peroxidases in Phoenix dactylifera L. Biologia Plantarum 37:197-203. https://doi.org/110.1007/BF02913210
Eshraghi P, Zarghami R, Mirabdulbaghi M, (2005). Somatic embryogenesis in two Iranian date palm cultivars. African Journal of Biotechnology 4:1309-1312.
Fang EF, Hassanien AAe, Wong JH, Bah CSF, Soliman SS, Ng TB (2010). Purification and modes of antifungal action by Vicia faba cv. Egypt Trypsin Inhibitor. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry 58:10729-10735. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf102277k
Farrag ME, Soliman SS, Amer IM, Heakel RM, Hassanin AA (2019). Analysis of genetic diversity among a population of canola genotypes as reveled by ISSR-PCR and their associations to seed yield and oil content. Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor 57:425-434. https://doi.org/10.21608/assjm.2019.44917
Fathy DM, Eldomiaty AS, El-Fattah HIA, Mahgou E-SI, Hassanin AA (2021). Morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization of rhizobia of faba bean plants grown in North Nile Delta Egypt. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 24:672-679. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2021.672.679
Fei Fang E, Abd Elazeem Hassanien A, Ho Wong J, Shui Fern Bah C, Saad Soliman S, Bun Ng T (2011). Isolation of a new trypsin inhibitor from the faba bean (Vicia faba cv. Giza 843) with potential medicinal applications. Protein and Peptide Letters 18:64-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986611794328726
Fki L, Masmoudi R, Drira N, Rival A (2003). An optimised protocol for plant regeneration from embryogenic suspension cultures of date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L., cv. Deglet Nour. Plant Cell Reports 21:517-524. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-002-0558-5
Gantait S, El-Dawayati MM, Panigrahi J, Labrooy C, Verma SK (2018). The retrospect and prospect of the applications of biotechnology in Phoenix dactylifera L. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 102:8229-8259. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-018-9232-x
Gurevich V, Lavi U, Cohen Y (2005). Genetic variation in date palms propagated from offshoots and tissue culture. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 130:46-53. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.130.1.46
Hamza H, Benabderrahim MA, Elbekkay M, Ferdaous G, Triki T, Ferchichi A (2012). Investigation of genetic variation in Tunisian date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars using ISSR marker systems and their relation with fruit characteristics. Turkish Journal of Biology 36:449-458. https://doi.org/10.3906/biy-1107-3912
Hassanin AA, Haidar Abbas Raza S, Ahmed Ujjan J, Aysh Alrashidi A, Sitohy BM, Al-surhanee AA, … Sitohy MZ (2022a). Emergence, evolution, and vaccine production approaches of SARS-CoV-2 virus: Benefits of getting vaccinated and common questions. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 29:1981-1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.12.020
Hassanin AA, Osman A, Atallah OO, El-Saadony MT, Abdelnour SA, Taha HSA, Awad MF, … Eldomiaty AS (2022b). Phylogenetic comparative analysis: Chemical and biological features of caseins (alpha-S-1, alpha-S-2, beta- and kappa-) in domestic dairy animals. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.952319
Hassanin AA, Saad AM, Bardisi EA, Salama A, Sitohy MZ (2020). Transfer of anthocyanin accumulating Delila and Rosea1 genes from the transgenic tomato micro-tom cultivar to moneymaker cultivar by conventional breeding. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry 68:10741-10749. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03307
Ho W, Ooi S, Mayes S, Namasivayam P, Ong-Abdullah M, Chin C (2013). Methylation levels of a novel genetic element, EgNB3 as a candidate biomarker associated with the embryogenic competency of oil palm. Tree Genetics & Genomes 9:1099-1107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-013-0625-9
Khierallah HS, Al-Sammarraie SK, Mohammed HI (2014). Molecular characterization of some Iraqi date palm cultivars using RAPD and ISSR markers. Journal of Asian Scientific Research 4:490-503.
Krueger RR (2021). Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) biology and utilization, the date palm genome. Springer, pp 3-28. https://doi.org/10.1007/1978-1003-1030-73746-73747_73741.
Ma X, Zhang X-Q, Zhou Y-H, Bai S-Q, Liu W (2008). Assessing genetic diversity of Elymus sibiricus (Poaceae: Triticeae) populations from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by ISSR markers. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 36:514-522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2008.03.003
Maniatis T (1989). Molecular cloning. Decontamination of Dilute Solutions of Ethidium Bromide.
Metwali EM, Kadasa NM, Soliman HI, Almaghrabi OA, Fuller MP (2020). In vitro propagation of date palm cultivars Magdoul and Safwai through somatic embryogenesis. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 24:1745-1753. https://doi.org/10.17957/IJAB/15.1618
Mitra C, Kharb P, Uppal S, Jain S (2011). Genetic diversity analysis in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.): a comparative assessment using ISSR and RAPD marker assays. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 86:398-402. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2011.11512780
Moreno S, Martín JP, Ortiz JM (1998). Inter-simple sequence repeats PCR for characterization of closely related grapevine germplasm. Euphytica 101:117-125. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018379805873
Munshi A, Osman G (2010). Investigation on molecular phylogeny of some date palm (Phoenix dactylifra L.) cultivars by protein, RAPD and ISSR markers in Saudi Arabia. Australian Journal of Crop Science 4:23-28. https://doi.org/10.3316/informit.982094683444441
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum 15:473-497. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x
Norušis MJ (1993). SPSS for Windows, release 6.0.
Raza SHA, Hassanin AA, Dhshan AIM, Abdelnour SA, Khan R, Mei C, Zan L (2021). In silico genomic and proteomic analyses of three heat shock proteins (HSP70, HSP90-α, and HSP90-β) in even-toed ungulates. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 53:61-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.07.002
Rhouma S, Zehdi-Azouzi S, Ould Mohamed Salem A, Rhouma A, Marrakchi M, Trifi M (2007). Genetic diversity in ecotypes of Tunisian date-palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) assessed by AFLP markers. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 82:929-933. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2007.11512328
Sadhu S, Jogam P, Thampu RK, Abbagani S, Penna S, Peddaboina V (2020). High efficiency plant regeneration and genetic fidelity of regenerants by SCoT and ISSR markers in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 141:465-477. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11240-020-01804-7
Sakka H, Zehdi S, Salem AOM, Rhouma A, Marrakchi M, Trifi M (2003). Tunisian date-palm (Phoenix dactylifera L;) genotypes identification mediated bu plastid PCR/RFLP based DNA. Journal of Genetics and Breeding 57:259-264.
Scobeyeva VA, Omelchenko DO, Dyakov LM, Konovalov AS, Speranskaya AS, Krinitsina AA (2018). Comparison of some plant DNA extraction methods. Russian Journal of Genetics 54:576-586. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1022795418050095
Slazak B, Sliwinska E, Saługa M, Ronikier M, Bujak J, Słomka A, Göransson U, Kuta E (2015). Micropropagation of Viola uliginosa (Violaceae) for endangered species conservation and for somaclonal variation-enhanced cyclotide biosynthesis. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) 120:179-190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-014-0592-3
Solangi N, Abul-Soad AA, Markhand GS, Jatoi MA, Jatt T, Mirani AA (2020). Comparison among different auxins and cytokinins to induce date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) somatic embryogenesis from floral buds. Pakistan Journal of Botany 52:1243-1249. http://dx.doi.org/10.30848/PJB2020-4(30)
Soliman KA, Rizk R, El-Sharabasy S (2009). Genetic analysis of abnormalities in tissue culture-derived date palm (Phoenix dacylifera L.), Barhi cultivars. Egyptian Journal of Biotechnology 33:122-134.
Tan HS, Liddell S, Abdullah MO, Wong WC, Chin CF (2016). Differential proteomic analysis of embryogenic lines in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq). Journal of Proteomics 143:334-345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprot.2016.04.039
Ting N-C, Jansen J, Nagappan J, Ishak Z, Chin C-W, Tan S-G, Cheah S-C, Singh R (2013). Identification of QTLs associated with callogenesis and embryogenesis in oil palm using genetic linkage maps improved with SSR markers. PLoS One 8:e53076. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0053076
Tranbarger TJ, Kluabmongkol W, Sangsrakru D, Morcillo F, James Tregear W, Tragoonrung S, Billotte N (2012). SSR markers in transcripts of genes linked to post-transcriptional and transcriptional regulatory functions during vegetative and reproductive development of Elaeis guineensis. BMC Plant Biology 12:1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2229-12-1
Vardareli N, Doğaroğlu T, Doğaç E, Taşkın V, Göçmen Taşkın B (2019). Genetic characterization of tertiary relict endemic Phoenix theophrasti populations in Turkey and phylogenetic relations of the species with other palm species revealed by SSR markers. Plant Systematics and Evolution 305:415-429. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-019-01580-8
Weiß CH (20070. Statsoft, inc., tulsa, ok.: Statistica, version 8. Springer.
Yan Jia-jun, BAIS-qZX-qYOUM-hZC-bLID-xZY (2010). Genetic diversity of wild Elymus sibiricus germplasm from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in China detected by SRAP markers. Acta Prataculturae Sinica 19:173-183.
Younis RA, Ismail OM, Soliman S (2008). Identification of sex-specific DNA markers for date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) using RAPD and ISSR techniques. Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences 4:278-284.
Żabicki P, Mikuła A, Sliwinska E, Migdałek G, Nobis A, Żabicka J, Kuta E (2021). Cryopreservation and post-thaw genetic integrity of Viola stagnina Kit., an endangered species of wet habitats–A useful tool in ex situ conservation. Scientia Horticulturae 284:110056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110056
Żabicki P, Sliwinska E, Mitka J, Sutkowska A, Tuleja M, Migdałek G, Żabicka J, Słomka A, Kwiatkowska M, Kuta E (2019). Does somaclonal variation play advantageous role in conservation practice of endangered species?: comprehensive genetic studies of in vitro propagated plantlets of Viola stagnina Kit. (Violaceae). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) 136:339-352. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-018-1519-1
Zehdi S, Trifi M, Billotte N, Marrakchi M, Christophe Pintaud J (2004). Genetic diversity of Tunisian date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) revealed by nuclear microsatellite polymprohism. Hereditas 141:278-287. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.2004.01855.x
Zehdi S, Trifi M, Ould Mohamed Salem A, Marrakchi M, Rhouma A (2002). Survey of inter simple sequence repeat polymorphisms in Tunisian date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Journal of Genetics & Breeding (Italy). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.2004.01855.x
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Ahmed M. ABDELGHAFFAR, Rana M. ALSHEGAIHI, Mariam A. ALKHATEEB, Rahma ALSHAMRANI, Amani O. ABUZAID, Said SOLIMAN, Tarek ISMAIL, Ahmed ELZOHERY, Diaa Abd EL-MONEIM, Wessam F. FELEMBAN, Ameina S. ALMOSHADAK, Abdallah A. HASSANIN
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
License:
Open Access Journal:
The journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restriction. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.
.png)
