Enhancement of the fruit quality and postharvest life expectancy of mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.) applying ecofriendly bio-coatings
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha50312917Keywords:
coatings, mango, storage life, quality, waste percent, weight lossAbstract
The higher losses of fruits and vegetables during post-harvest handling are a serious matter for any country whose economy is based on agriculture. The products of this plant are a significant source of horticultural produce storage used for the control of different post-harvest losses, which include diseases as well as microorganisms. Bio-coatings may be used as a better alternative to the synthetic chemicals. The impact of edible coating on the quality and storage life of mango (cv. ‘Anwar Rataul’) fruit was investigated by harvesting the fruits at a firm green stage of physiological maturity and coating them with corn oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, soya bean oil, and animal fat. The uncoated and coated fruits were stored at 25 °C and the relative humidity (RH) was 75%. The fruits were analyzed for physicochemical quality attributes during storage at 0 (harvest time), 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days. The data showed that most of the parameters were affected significantly by the materials of coating and storage intervals (P ≤ 0.05). The fruits coated with animal fat had significantly superior fruit color, taste, aroma, firmness, total sugar content, and acidity of fruit juice, total soluble solids, and ascorbic acid content, as well as delayed ripening. Animal fat-coated fruits retained titratable acidity, ascorbic acid content (mg.100g-1) and fruit firmness (kg.cm-2) with minimal disease incidence, and weight loss (%), whereas uncoated fruits did not retain all quality attributes and deteriorated after 20 days of storage. In conclusion, mango fruits could be coated with animal fat and stored for up to 25 days without deterioration in quality.
Metrics
References
Abd-Alla MAI, Haggag WM (2010). New safe methods for controlling anthracnose disease of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruits caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.). Journal of American Science 8:361-367.
Ahmad M, Khattak MR, Jadoon SA, Rab A, Basit A, Ullah I, Khalid MA, Ullah I, Shair M (2019). Influence of zinc sulphate on flowering and seed production of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.): a medicinal flowering plant. International Journal of Biosciences 14:464-476.
Akalin S, Gonc S, Unal G (2006). Functional properties of bioactive components of milk fat in metabolism. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 5:194-197.
Alam M, Hayat K, Ullah I, Sajid M, Ahmad M, Basit A, Ahmad I, Muhammad A, Akbar S, Hussain Z (2020). Improving okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) growth and yield by mitigating drought through exogenous application of salicylic acid. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 29:529-535. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-020-00405-w
Aly AA, Mansour MTM, Mohamed HI (2017). Association of increase in some biochemical components with flax resistance to powdery mildew. Gesunde Pflanzen 69(1):47-52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-017-0387-7
Amarante C, Banks NH, Ganesh S (2001). Effects of coating concentration, ripening stage, water status and fruit temperature on pear susceptibility to friction discoloration. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2:283-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(00)00155-1
Amin MU, Khurram M, Khattak B, Khan J (2015). Antibiotic additive and synergistic action of rutin, morin and quercetin against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 15:1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-015-0580-0
Anwar R, Malik AU (2007). Hot water treatment affects ripening quality and storage life of mango (Mangifera indica L.). Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 44:304-311.
Anwar R, Malik AU, Amin M, Jabbar A, Saleem BA (2008). Packaging material and ripening methods affect mango fruit quality. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 10:35-41.
AOAC (2000). Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemist. EUA, Gaithersburg, Maryland.
Ashry NA, Ghonaim MM, Mohamed HI, Mogazy AM (2018). Physiological and molecular genetic studies on two elicitors for improving the tolerance of six Egyptian soybean cultivars to cotton leaf worm. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 130:224-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.07.010
Baldwin EA (1994). Edible coatings for fresh fruits and vegetables: past, present and future. In: Krochta JM, Baldwin EA, Nisperos-Carriedo MO (Eds). Edible Coating and Films to Improve Food Quality.
Baldwin EA, Burns JK, Kazokas W, Brecht JK, Hagenmaier RD, Bender RJ, Pesis E (1999). Effect of two edible coatings with different permeability characteristics on mango (Mangifera indica L.) ripening during storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology 17:215-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(99)00053-8
Baloch MK, Bibi F, Jilani MS (2013). Effect of coating over the quality and shelf life of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruits. Journal of Food processes and Preservation 37:66-73. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.2011.00614.x
Baloch MK, Bibi F (2012) Effect of harvesting and storage conditions on the post harvest quality and shelf life of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit. South African Journal of Botany 83:109-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2012.08.001
Basit A, Amin NU, Shah ST, Ahmad I (2022) Greenbelt conservation as a component of ecosystem, ecological benefits and management services: evidence from Peshawar City, Pakistan. Environment, Development and Sustainability 24:11424-11448. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01890-3
Basit A, Ayaz S, Rab A, Ullah I, Shah ST, Ahmad I, Ullah I, Khalid MA (2019). Effect of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana L.) leaf extract on the quality and shelf life of lemon (Citrus limon L.). Pure and Applied Biology 8(2):1456-1468. http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2019.80085
Basit A, Khan S, Sulaiman Shah S, Shah AA (2019) Morphological features of various selected tree species on the greater university campus Peshawar, Pakistan. International Journal of Botany Studies 4:92-97.
Basit A, Shah K, Rahman MU, Xing L, Zuo X, Han M, Alam N, Khan F, Ahmed I, Khalid MA (2018) Salicylic acid an emerging growth and flower inducing hormone in marigold (Tagetes sp. L.). Pure and Applied Biology 7(4):1301-1308. http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2018.700151
Baswal AK, Dhaliwal HS, Singh Z, Mahajan BVC, Kalia A, Gill KS (2020). Influence of carboxy methylcellulose, chitosan and beeswax coatings on cold storage life and quality of Kinnow mandarin fruit. Scientia Horticulture 260:108887. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108887
Bibi F, Baloch MK (2014) Postharvest quality and shelf life of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit as affected by coatings. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 38:499-507. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.2012.00800.x
Bisen A, Pandey SK, Joushwa JE (2008) Effect of gamma irradiation, growth retardant and coatings on storability of lime fruits. Asian Journal of Horticulture 25:159-163.
Chahal S, Bal JS (2003). Effect of postharvest treatments and packaging on shelf-life of Umranber at cool temperature. Journal of Research Punjab Agriculture University 40:363-369.
Chien P, Sheu F, Yang F (2007). Effects of edible chitosan coating on quality and shelf life of sliced mango fruit. Journal of Food Engineering 78:225-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JFOODENG.2005.09.022
Cosme S, GM, Silva WB, Medeiros DB, Salvador AR, Cordeiro MHM, da Silva NM, Santana DB, Mizobutsi GP (2017). The chitosan affects severely the carbon metabolism in mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Palmer) fruit during storage. Food Chemistry 237: 372-378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.123
Cuq B, Gontard N, Guilbert S (1995). Edible films and coatings as active layers. In: Rooney ML (Ed). Active Food Packaging. Pp 111-141, Chapman and Hall, Glasgow, UK.
Dang KTH, Singh Z, Swinny EE (2008). Edible coatings influence fruit ripening, quality and aroma biosynthesis in mango fruit. Journal of Agriculture Food Chemistry 56:1361-1370. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf072208a
Dawood MFA, Abu-Elsaoud AM, Sofy MR, Mohamed HI, Soliman MH (2022). Appraisal of kinetin spraying strategy to alleviate the harmful effects of UVC stress on tomato plants. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 29:52378-52398 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19378-6
Dhalla R, Hanson SW (1988). Effect of permeable coatings on the storage life of fruits. II. Prolong treatment of mangoes (Mangifera indica L. cv. Julie). International Journal of Food Science and Technology 23:107-112.
Díaz-Montes E, Castro-Muñoz R (2021) Edible Films and Coatings as Food-Quality Preservers: An Overview. Foods 10(2):249. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10020249.
Ebrahimi F, Rastegar S (2020). Preservation of mango fruit with guar-based edible coatings enriched with Spirulina platensis and Aloe vera extract during storage at ambient temperature. Scientia Horticulture 265:109-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2020.109258
El-Beltagi HS, Mohamed HI, Safwat G, Gamal M, Megahed BMH (2019). Chemical composition and biological activity of Physalis peruviana L. Gesunde Pflanzen 71:113-122. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-019-00456-8
El-Beltagi HS, Mohamed HI, Aldaej MI, Al-Khayri JM, Rezk AA, Al-Mssallem MQ, Sattar MN, Ramadan KMA (2022). Production and antioxidant activity of secondary metabolites in Hassawi rice (Oryza sativa L.) cell suspension under salicylic acid, yeast extract and pectin elicitation. In Vitro Cellular Developmental Biology–Plant 58:615-629 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-022-10264-x
Elkatry HO, Ahmed AR, El-Beltagi HS, Mohamed HI, Eshak NS (2022). Biological activities of grape seed by‑products and their potential use as natural sources of food additives in the production of Balady bread. Foods 11(13):1948. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11131948
El-Sheshtawy HS, Mahdy HM, Sofy AR, Sofy MR (2022) Production of biosurfactant by Bacillus megaterium and its correlation with lipid peroxidation of Lactuca sativa. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum 31(2):1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpe.2022.03.001
Fouda HM, Sofy MR (2022). Effect of biological synthesis of nanoparticles from Penicillium chrysogenum as well as traditional salt and chemical nanoparticles of zinc on canola plant oil productivity and metabolic. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry 65(3):507-516. https://doi.org/10.21608/EJCHEM.2021.95120.4469
Galán Saúco V (210). Worldwide mango production and market: current situation and future prospects. InIX International Mango Symposium 992 (pp. 37-48). https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1066.7
Gilani SAQ, Basit A, Sajid M, Shah ST, Ullah I, Mohamed HI (2021). Gibberellic Acid and Boron Enhance Antioxidant Activity, Phenolic Content, and Yield Quality in Pyrus Communis L. Gesunde Pflanzen 73:395-406. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343- 021-00555-5
Guire MC (1997). Market quality of guava after hot water treatment and application of carnauba wax coating. HortScience 32:271-272. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.32.2.271
Gupta N, Jain SK (2014). Storage behavior of mango as affected by post harvest application of plant extracts and storage conditions. Journal of Food Science Technology 51(10):2499-507. https://doi: 10.1007/s13197-012-0774-0.
Hagenmaier RD, Baker RA (1993). Reduction in gas exchange of citrus fruit by wax coatings. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry 41:283-287.
Hamed MM, Abd El-Mobdy MA, Kamel MT, Mohamed HI, Bayoumi AE (2019). Phytochemical and biological activities of two Asteraceae plants Senecio vulgaris and Pluchea dioscoridis L. Pharmacology Online 2:101-121.
Heidari M, Dasterd AM, Moradi NA (2011). Effects of potassium permanganate and storage time on quality of mango fruits (Mangifera indica L.). Journal of Horticultural Sciences 25:130-136.
Herianus JD, Singh LZ, Tan SC (2003). Aroma volatiles production during fruit ripening of Kensington Pride mango. Postharvest Biology and Technology 27:323-336.
Imran A, Khan R, Ayub M (2000) Effect of added sugar at various concentration on the storage stability of guava pulp. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 16:89-93.
Kittur FS, Saroja N, Habibunnisa, Tharanathan RN (2001). Polysaccharide-based composite coating formulations for shelf-life extension of fresh banana and mango. European Food Research Technology 213:306-311.
Khuwijitjaru P, Somkane S, Nakagawa K, Mahayothee B (2022) Osmotic dehydration, drying kinetics, and quality attributes of osmotic hot air-dried mango as affected by initial frozen storage. Foods 11(3):489. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11030489.
Lum MS (2011). Effects of Hot water, submergence time and storage duration on quality of dragon fruits. Journal of Agricultural Science 3: 146-147. https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v3n1p146
Malundo TMM, Shewfelt RL, Ware GO, Baldwin EA (2001). Sugars and acids influence flavor properties of mango (Mangifera indica L). Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 126:115-121. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.126.1.115
Maksoud MA, Bekhit M, El-Sherif DM, Sofy AR, Sofy MR (2022). Gamma radiation-induced synthesis of a novel chitosan/silver/Mn-Mg ferrite nanocomposite and its impact on cadmium accumulation and translocation in brassica plant growth. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 194:306-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.197
McGuire RG, Hallman GJ (1995). Coating guavas with cellulose or carnauba-based emulsion interferes with postharvest ripening. HortScience 30:294-295. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.30.2.294
Mehaisen SMA (2005). Effect of spray with calcium and some post-harvest treatments on fruit quality and storability of guava fruit. Annals of Agriculture Science Moshtohor 43:327-339.
Moalemiyan M, Ramaswamy HS, Maftoonazad N (2012) Pectin-based edible coating for shelf-life extension of Ataulfo mango. J. Food Process Engineering 35:572-600. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4530.2010.00609.x
Mohamed HI, Abd–El Hameed AG (2014). Molecular and biochemical markers of some Vicia faba L. genotype in response to storage insect pests infestation. Journal of Plant Interactions 9(1):618-626. https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2013.879678
Mogazy AM, Mohamed HI, El-Mahdy OM (2022). Calcium and iron nanoparticles: A positive modulator of innate immune responses in strawberry plants against Botrytis cinerea. Process Biochemistry 115:128-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2022.02.014
Mukhtar S, Mohamed HI, Qazi IM, Basit A, Javed H, Shah ST, Ibrahim A, Aziz I, Ali F, Kaleemullah (2022). Impact of pectin extracted from selected citrus fruit peel on overall quality of mango jam. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-022-01576-y.
Naeem M, Basit A, Ahmad I, Mohamed HI, Wasila H (2020). Effect of salicylic acid and salinity stress on the performance of tomato. Gesunde Pflanzen 72:393-402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-020-00521-7
Nunes MCN, Emond JP, Brecht JK, Dea S, Proulx E (2007). Quality curves for mango fruit (cv. Tommy Atkins and Palmer) stored at chilling and non-chilling temperatures. Journal of Food Quality 30:104-120. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4557.2007.00109.x
Nwufo ML, Okonkwo ML, Obiefune JC (1994). Effect of postharvest treatments on the storage life of avocado pear (Persea Americana mill). Tropical Science 34:364-370.
Pocharski WJ, Konopacka D, Zwierz J (2000). Comparison of Magness-Taylor pressure test with mechanical, nondestructive method of apple and pear firmness measurement. International Agrophysics 14:311-131.
Raese JT, Drake SR (1993). Effect of chitosan coating on apple and pear to improve their storage life. Journal of Plant Nutrition 16:1807-1918.
Ribeiro C, Vzicente AA, Teixeira JA, Miranda C (2007). Optimization of edible coating composition to retard strawberry fruit senescence. Postharvest Biology and Technology 44:63-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2006.11.015
Sajid M, Basit A, Ullah Z, Shah ST, Ullah I, Mohamed HI, Ullah I (2020) Chitosan-based foliar application modulated the yield and biochemical attributes of peach (Prunus persica L.) cv. Early Grand. Bulletin National Research Centre 44:150. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-020-00405-w
Shah S, Hashmi MS (2020). Chitosan–aloe vera gel coating delays postharvest decay of mango fruit. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology 61:279-289. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-019-00224-7
Shah ST, Basit A, Ullah I, Sajid M, Ahmad I, Ahmad I, Khalid MA, Sanaullah, Ullah I, Bashir M (2020). Influence of edible coatings and storage duration on post-harvest performance of plum. Pure and Applied Biology 10(1):81-96. http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2021.100010
Singleton VL, Orthofer R, Raventos RSL (1999). Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent. Methods in Enzymology 299:152-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(99)99017-1
Sprong CR, Hulstein MFE, Van Der Meer R (2001). Bactericidal activities of milk lipids: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 45:1298-1301. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.45.4.1298-1301.2001
Steel RGD, Torrie JH (1997). Principles and procedures of statistics: A biometrical approach. 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Sumnu G, Bayindirli L (1995). Effects of sucrose polyester coating on fruit quality of apricots. Journal of Science and Food Agriculture 67:537-540.
Tahir FM, Pervez MA, Hameed C, Haq (2002). Package for mango production, postharvest techniques and its export prospects. Mango Res. Insti. Shujabad. Agric. Digest. Pp. 62.
Valero D, Romero DM, Serrano M, Riquelme F (1998). Postharvest gibberellin and heat treatment effect on polyamines, abscisic acid and firmness in lemons. Journal of Food Science 63:611-615. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1998.tb15796.x
Veravrbeke EA, Verboven P, Oostveldt P, Nicolai BM (2003). Prediction of moisture loss across the cuticle of apple (Malus sylvestris subsp. mitis (Wallr.)) during storage: part 2. Model simulations and practical applications. Postharvest Biology and Technology 30:89-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(03)00082-6
Vinay RP, Dumancas G, Viswanath LK, Maples R, Sunbong BJ (2016). Castor oil: properties, uses, and optimization of processing parameters in commercial production. Lipid Insights 9:1-12. https://doi.org/10.4137/LPI.S40233.
Wills RBH, McGlasson WB, Graham D, Lee TH, Hall EG (1998). Postharvest an introduction to the physiology and handling of fruit and vegetables. Chapman & Hall Inc. New York.
Zeng KF, Cao JK, Jiang WB (2006). Enhancing disease resistance in harvested mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. “Matisu”) fruit by salicylic acid. Journal of Science and Food Agriculture 86:694-698. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2397
Zhu X, Wang Q, Cao J, Jiang W (2008). Effects of chitosan coating on postharvest quality of mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Tainong) fruits. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 32(5):770-784. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.2008.00213.x
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Farzana FATIMA, Abdul BASIT, Aqeel AHMAD, Syed T. SHAH, Muhammad SAJID, Faiza AMAN, Heba I. MOHAMED, Abeer ELHAKEM
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
License:
Open Access Journal:
The journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restriction. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author.
.png)
