Yield losses in wheat genotypes caused by stripe rust (Puccinia striifarmis f. sp. tritici) in North Delta, Egypt

Yaser HAFEZ; Yasser MAZROU; Atef SHAHIN; Farid MEHIAR; Mohamed EID; Khaled ABDELAAL

doi:10.15835/nbha50212622

Authors

Yaser HAFEZ Kafrelsheikh University, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Botany Department, EPCRS Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Laboratory, 33516 (EG)
Yasser MAZROU King Khalid University, Community College, Business Administration Department; Tanta University, Faculty of Agriculture (EG)
Atef SHAHIN Wheat Disease Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute (PPRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC) (EG)
Farid MEHIAR Kafrelsheikh University, Plant Pathology Branch, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Botany Department, 33516, Kafr-Elsheikh (EG)
Mohamed EID Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (EG)
Khaled ABDELAAL Kafrelsheikh University, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Botany Department, EPCRS Excellence Center, Plant Pathology and Biotechnology Laboratory, 33516 (EG)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha50212622

Keywords:

ACI, FRS, RRI, stripe rust, TKW, wheat, yield loss

Abstract

Stripe (yellow) rust disease caused by Puccinia striifarmis f. sp. tritici, is a catastrophic wheat disease in wheat-growing regions around the world. The objective of this study was to investigate potential sources of stripe rust resistance and the yield loss of forty local wheat varieties at four locations in Egypt (Sakha, Mutubas, Qillin and Biyala), under yellow rust disease pressure compared to ‘Morroco’ variety, as control. To determine slow rusting in the field, the following parameters were recorded: final rust severity (FRS%), average coefficient of infection (ACI), relative resistance index (RRI) and reduction % in the 1000 kernel weight. The severity was higher in the second season than in the first. Seven wheat genotypes (‘Shaka 62’, ‘Shaka 9, ‘Shaka 95’, ‘Gemmiza 7’, ‘Sids 14’ and ‘Misr 3’) showed the high level of resistance, and FRS% values ranged from 0 to 20 moderately resistant (MR) during first season and achieved the least value of loss in TKW (1.28%) with ‘Misr 3’. Meanwhile, four genotypes (‘Sakha 93’, ‘Sakha 95’, ‘Sids 14’ and ‘Gim. 7’) remained highly resistant during the second season and identified to have good level of slow rusting resistance, which these genotypes showed FRS% values ranged from 5R to 30 moderately resistant-moderately susceptible (MRMS), ACI values ≤12, RRI values ≥6 and the loss % in TKW not exceed 12.54%. On the other hand, the lines; ‘Shaka 69’, ‘Shaka 88’, ‘Shaka 92’, ‘Giza 160’, ‘Giza 163’, ‘Gem 11’, ‘Sids 2’ and ‘Sids 6’ exhibited complete susceptibility at the four tested sites, recorded FRS% values >50. Meanwhile, cv. ‘Gem 11’ in 2018/2019 recorded the highest level of ACI ≥55, the lowest level of RRI≤4.05 and the highest loss% in TKW reached 40.69%. These findings could be used in the national wheat breeding program for stripe rust resistance in Egypt.

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