Physiological variation of irradiated red radish plants and their phylogenic relationship using SCoT and CDDP markers

Authors

  • Amina A. ALY Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Natural Products Department, Nasr City, P.O. Box., 29 (EG)
  • Noha E. ELIWA Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Natural Products Department, Nasr City, P.O. Box., 29 (EG)
  • Zeyad M. BORIK October University for Modern Science and Art (MSA), Faculty of Biotechnology (EG)
  • Gehan SAFWAT October University for Modern Science and Art (MSA), Faculty of Biotechnology (EG)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha49312396

Keywords:

gamma radiation, Raphanus sativus, phytochemical screening, pigments, proline, SCoT, CDDP

Abstract

Greenhouse experiment is carried out to explore the outcome of γ-radiation on physiological and genetic variation in red radish (Raphanus sativus) for two generations. Gamma rays from 60Co were used to penetrate red radish seeds with different dose levels (0.0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 Gy). Plants generated from irradiated seeds and from self-pollination of these plants, called M1 and M2 generations, respectively. Some morphological and physiological traits were then determined, and the genetic diversity of both generations was studied using Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) and Conserved DNA-Derived Polymorphism (CDDP) molecular markers.  All studied morphological traits (number of leaves/plants, leave height, root diameter, and root weight) were steadily improved by raising irradiation dose rate, reaching a cumulative raise at the irradiation doe level 40 Gy and decreased at dose level 80 Gy. Photosynthetic pigments of red radish plants released a notable increase by increasing gamma rays dose level for chlorophyll (a), chlorophyll (b) and carotenoids for 40 Gy dose rate. Proline content was elevated proportionally to the irradiation dose level, with the greatest increase seen at dose level of 80 Gy. Moreover, phytochemical screening was detected for the both two generations. Fourteen SCoT primers generated a total number of banding patterns of 194 with average 13.86 and the primer SCoT-33 released the highest number banding patterns (21). The percentage mean of polymorphism for all the SCoT primers was 74.66% and was 66.49 and 63.74% for M1 and M2 respectively. Furthermore, fifteen CDDP primers generated a total number of banding patterns of 186 and the primer CDDP-5 relieved the highest number of banding patterns (20). The percentage mean of polymorphism for all the CDDP primers was 73.41% and was 64.38 and 65.91% for M1 and M2 respectively. It could be concluded that gamma irradiation exhibited an appropriate variation in red radish M1 and M2 which was detected by SCoT and CDDP molecular markers.

References

Abd El-Aziz MHA, Zaied KA, El-Gendy SEA, Abd ElGawad NA (2017). Evaluation of irradiated okra based on agronomical traits and RAPD markers. Assiut Journal of Agriculture and Science 48:81-96.

Abouseadaa MA, Atia M, Younis IY (2020). Gene-targeted molecular phylogeny, phytochemical profiling, and antioxidant activity of nine species belonging to family Cactaceae. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 27(6):1649-1658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.03.007

Agarwal A, Gupta V, Haq SU, Jatav PK, Kothari SL, Kachhwaha S (2019). Assessment of genetic diversity in 29 rose germplasms using SCoT marker. Journal of King Saud University – Science 31(4):780-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2018.04.022

Ahumada-Flores S, RaydaGómez F, Fannie IselaParra P, Eulogiode la Cruz C, Sarsue Sergiode los T, Villalobosa S (2021). Technical note: Gamma irradiation induces changes of phenotypic and agronomic traits in wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum). Applied Radiation and Isotopes 167:109490 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2020.109490

Akshatha K, Chandrashekar R, Somashekarappa H, Souframanien J (2013). Effect of gamma irradiation on germination, growth, and biochemical parameters of Terminalia arjuna Roxb. Radiation Protection and Environment 36:38-44. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-0464.121826

Akshatha K, Joel Y, Sneha R (2020). Left lower lung collapse in a Patient undergoing endoscopic procedure. Case Report in Anesthesiology 86(70):102. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8670102

Aly AA, Eliwa NE, Maraei RW (2019a). Genetic variation based on ISSR in two wheat cultivars after exposing to gamma radiation. ScienceAsia 45(5):436-445. https://doi.org/10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2019.45.436

Aly AA, Maraei RW, Aldrussi I (2019b). Changes in peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity and transcript levels of related genes in two Egyptian bread wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) affected by gamma irradiation and salinity stress. Bangladesh Journal of Botany 48:177-186. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v48i1.47482

Aly AA, Maraei RW, Ayadi S (2018). Some biochemical changes in two Egyptian bread wheat cultivars in response to gamma irradiation and salt stress. Bulgarian Journal of Agriculture Science 24:50-59.

Ambavane AR, Sawardekar SV, Sawantdesai SA, Gokhale NB (2015). Studies on mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays and its effect on quantitative traits in finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn). Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences 8(1):120-125. http://dx.doi.org /10 .1016/j.jrras.2014.12.004

Baghizadeha A, Dehghanb E (2018). Efficacy of SCoT and ISSR markers in the assessment of genetic diversity in some Iranian pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cultivars. Pistachio and Health Journal 1(1):37-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22123/PHJ.2017.54299

Banihani SA (2017). Radish (Raphanus sativus) and diabetes. Nutrients 9:1014-1022. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9091014

Bates LS, Waldren RP, Teare ID (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant Soil 39:205-207. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00018060

Bhawna M, Abdin Z, Arya L, Verma M (2017). Use of SCoT markers to assess the gene flow and population structure among two different populations of bottle gourd. Plant Gene Journal (9):80-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plgene.2016.09.001

Chen BL, Zhang J, Huang J, Huang C, Zhou Q, Tao W, Tang J (2018). Application of SCoT markers on genetic diversity analysis and variation identification of Actinidia. Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology 26:77-86. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-7968.2018.01.008

Collard BC, Mackill DJ (2009a). Start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism: a simple, novel DNA marker technique for generating gene-targeted markers in plants. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 27(1):86-93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-008-0060-5

Collard BC, Mackill D (2009b). Conserved DNA-derived polymorphism (CDDP): a simple and novel method for generating DNA markers in plants. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 27(4):558. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-009-0118-z

Collard BC, Mackill DS (2009c). Molecular breeding and marker-assisted selection: International Service for the acquisition of Agro-Biotechnology Applications. Torino, Italy Torino publishing press ltd 43:34-58.

Duncan DB (1955). Multiple range and multiple ‘F’ tests. Biometrics 11(1):51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3001478

El-Beltagi HS, Mohamed HI, Mohammed AMA, Zaki LM, Mogazy AM (2013). Physiological and biochemical effects of γ-irradiation on cowpea plants (Vigna sinensis) under salt stress. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 41(1):104-114.

EL-Garhy HA, Khattab S, Moustafa MM, Ali RA, Azeiz AZA, Elhalwagi A, ElSherif F (2016). Silybin content and overexpression of chalcone synthase genes in Silybum marianum L. plants under abiotic elicitation. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 108:191-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.07.011

Etminan A, Pour-Aboughadareh A, Mohammadi R (2016). Applicability of start codon targeted (SCoT) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers for genetic Equipment 30(6):1075-1081. https://doi.org/10.1080/13102818.2016.1228478

FAO/IAEA (2017). Mutation Breeding. https://www.iaea.org/topics/mutation-breeding

Gaafar RM, Hamouda M, Badr A (2016). Seed coat color, weight and eye pattern inheritance in gamma rays induced cowpea M2-mutant line. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology 14:61-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgeb.2015.12.005.

Gorji AM, Poczai P, Polgar Z, Taller J (2011). Efficiency of arbitrarily amplified dominant markers (SCOT, ISSR and RAPD) for diagnostic fingerprinting in tetraploid potato. American Journal of Potato Research 88:226-237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-011-9187-2

Gupta V, Jatav PK, Haq SU, Verma KS, Kaul VK, Kothari SL, Kachhwaha S (2019). Translation initiation codon (ATG) or SCoT markers-based polymorphism study within and across various Capsicum accessions: insight from their amplification, cross-transferability and genetic diversity. Journal of Genetics 98:1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12041-019-1095-0

Hajibarat Z, Saidi A, Hajibarat Z, Talebi R (2015). Characterization of genetic diversity in chickpea using SSR markers, start codon targeted polymorphism (SCoT) and conserved DNA-derived polymorphism (CDDP). Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants 21(3):365-373. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-015-0306-2

Hamidi MR, Blagica J, Таtјаnа KP (2014). Toxicological evaluation of the plant products using Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina L.) model. Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin 60(1):9-18. https://doi.org/10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2014.60.01.002

Harborne JB (1973). Phytochemical methods: A guide to modern techniques of plant analysis. Chapman and Hall Ltd, London.

Hassan A, Ullah H, Israr M (2019). The antioxidant activity and phytochemical analysis of medical plant Veronica biloba. Letters in Applied NanoBi Science 8(4):732-738. https://doi.org/10.25026/jtpc.v5i1.225

Hong MJ, Yoon YH, Kim DS, Kim SH, Kang SY, Kim DY, Kim JB (2017). Phenotypic and molecular responses of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to chronic gamma irradiation. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 20(1):167-178.

Idu M, Igeleke CL (2012). Antimicrobial activity and phytochemistry of Khaya senegalensis roots. International Journal of Ayurvedic and Herbal Medicine 2:415-422.

Ilyas S, Naz S (2014). Effect of gamma irradiation on morphological characteristics and isolation of curcuminoids and oleoresins of Curcuma longa L. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 24(5):1396-1404.

Jan S, Parween T, Siddiqi TO, Mahmooduzzafar (2012). Effect of gamma radiation on morphological, biochemical and physiological aspects of plants and plant products. Environmental Reviews 20:17e39. https://doi.org/10.1139/a11-021

Khaleghi M, Khorrami S, Ravan H (2019). Identification of Bacillus thuringiensis bacterial strain isolated from the mine soil as a robust agent in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with strong antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 18:101047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101047

Majeed A, Muhammad Z, Ullah R, Ali H (2018). Gamma irradiation effect on germination and general growth characteristics of plants–a review. Pakistan Journal of Botany 50(6):2449-2453.

Majeed A, Muhammad Z, Ullah R (2016). Growth and yield response of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) to gamma irradiation stress. Plant Breeding and Seed Science 74(2):27-35. http://ojs.ihar.edu.pl/index.php/pbss/article/view/219

Majeed A, Khan A, Habib A, Zahir M (2010). Gamma irradiation effects on some growth parameters of Lepidium sativum L. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 5(1):39-42.

Manivannan A, Kim JH, Kim DS, Lee ES, Lee HE (2019). Deciphering the nutraceutical potential of Raphanus sativus -A comprehensive overview. Nutrients 11(2):402-416. https://doi.org/10.3390/ nu11020402.

Marcu D, Cristea V, Daraban L (2013). Dose-dependent effects of gamma radiation on lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. capitata) seedlings. International Journal of Radiation Biology 89(3):219-223. https://doi.org/10.3109/09553002.2013.734946

Mengoni A, Gori A, Bazzicalupo M (2000). Use of RAPD and microsatellite SSR variation to assess genetic relationships among populations of tetraploid alfalfa Medicago sativa. Plant Breeding 119(4):311-317. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00501.x

Mohajer S, Taha R, Lay MM, Esmaeili AK, Khalili M. (2014). Stimulatory effects of gamma irradiation on phytochemical properties, mitotic behaviour, and nutritional composition of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.). The Scientific World Journal 85:4093- 4099.

Mokhtar M, Atia SS (2019). Rome: an integrated database and pipelines for exploring microsatellites in all organisms. Nucleic Acids Research 47:D245-D252. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gky998

Nei M, Li WH (1979). Mathematical model for studing genetic variation in terms of restriction endonucleases. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 76:5269- 5273.

Orazem P, Stajner N, Bohanec B (2013). Effect of X-ray irradiation on olive shoot culture evaluated by morphological measurements, nuclear DNA content and SSR and AFLP markers. Trees 27(6):1587-1595. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-013-0906-9

Prevost A, Wilkinson MJ (1999). A new system for comparing PCR primers applied to ISSR fingerprinting of potato cultivars. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 98:107-112.

Saha S, Moorthi S, Pan HL, Wu XR, Wang JD, Nadiga S, … Goldberg M (2010). (2010). The NCEP climate forecast system reanalysis. Bulletin of American Meteorological Society 91:1015-1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010BAMS3001.1

Saidi M, Mergby D, Brini F (2017). Identification and expression analysis of the NAC transcription factor family in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 112:117-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.12.028

Salehin M, Bagchi R, Estelle M (2015). SCFTIR1/AFB-based auxin perception: mechanism and role in plant growth and development. The Plant Cell 27:9-19. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.114.133744

Satya P, Karan M, Jana S, Mitra S, Sharma A, Karmakar PG, Ray DP (2015). Start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism reveals genetic diversity in wild and domesticated populations of ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaudich.), a premium textile fiber producing species. Meta Gene 3:62-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mgene.2015.01.003

Shin T, Ahn M, Kim GO, Park SU (2015). Biological activity of various radish species. Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine 15(2):105-111. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-015-0183-9

Singh B, Datta PS (2009). Gamma irradiation to improve plant vigour, grain development, and yield attributes of wheat. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 79(2):139-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2009.05.025

Sobhy M, Abdalla M, Ammar S (2009). Total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of corn tassel extracts. Food Chemistry 112:595-598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008. 06.014

Taheri S, Abdullah T, Ahmad Z, Abdullah NAP (2014). Effect of acute gamma irradiation on Curcuma alismatifolia varieties and detection of DNA polymorphism through SSR marker. BioMed Research International 631813. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/631813

Tiwari G, Singh R, Singh N, Choudhury DR, Paliwal R, Kumar A, Gupta V (2016). Study of arbitrarily amplified (RAPD and ISSR) and gene targeted (SCoT and CBDP) markers for genetic diversity and population structure in Kalmegh [Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees]. Industrial Crops and Products 86:1-1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.03.031

Trease G, Evans W (1989). Text Book of Pharmocognosy, 14th edn. (Alden Press, Oxford, 1989), pp 213.

Vanijajiva O (2020). Start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism reveals genetic diversity of Manilkara in Thailand. Biodiversitas 21(2):666- 673. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d210232

Vardhan PV, Shukla LI (2017). Gamma irradiation medicinally important plants and the enhancement of secondary metabolite production. International Journal of Radiation Biology 93(9):967-979. https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2017.1344788

Vernon LP, Seely GR (1966). The Chlorophylls: Physical, Chemical and Biological Properties, 1st edn. Academic Press, New York.

Wang P, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Mo B, Luo T (2017). Effect of gamma rays on Sophora davidii and detection of DNA polymorphism through ISSR arker. BioMed Research International 8576404. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017 /8576404

Yue Q, Zhang C, Wang Q, Wang W, Wang J, Wu Y (2019). Analysis on genetic diversity of 51 grape germplasm resources. Ciência Rural 49 (11):e20190247. https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20190247

Zabalza A, Gaston S, Ribas-Carbo M, Orcaray L, Igal M, Royuela M (2006). Nitrogen assimilation studies using 15N in soybean plants treated with imazethapyr, an inhibitor of branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 54:8818-8823. https://doi.org /10.1021/jf0618224

Zhou L, He XH, Yu HX, Chen MY, Fan Y, Zhang XJ, ... Luo C (2020). Evaluation of the genetic diversity of mango (Mangifera indica L.) seedling germplasm resources and their potential parents with start codon targeted (SCoT) markers. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 67:41-58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-019-00865-8

Downloads

Published

2021-09-02

How to Cite

ALY, A. A., ELIWA, N. E., BORIK, Z. M., & SAFWAT, G. (2021). Physiological variation of irradiated red radish plants and their phylogenic relationship using SCoT and CDDP markers. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 49(3), 12396. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha49312396

Issue

Section

Research Articles
CITATION
DOI: 10.15835/nbha49312396