Tyrosinase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activity of Wild Prunus spinosa L. Fruit Extracts as Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds

Authors

  • Milica I. STANKOVIĆ University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, 81 Bulevar dr Zorana Djindjića, 18 000, Niš (RS)
  • Vesna Lj. SAVIĆ University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, 81 Bulevar dr Zorana Djindjića, 18 000, Niš (RS)
  • Jelena V. ŽIVKOVIĆ University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, 81 Bulevar dr Zorana Djindjića, 18 000, Niš (RS)
  • Vanja M. TADIĆ Institute for Medicinal Plant Research “Dr Josif Pančić”, Department for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 1 Tadeuša Košćuška, Belgrade (RS)
  • Ivana A. ARSIĆ University of Niš, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, 81 Bulevar dr Zorana Djindjića, 18 000, Niš (RS)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha47311425

Keywords:

anti-tyrosinase activity; blackthorn; free radicals; polyphenols; ultrasonic extraction

Abstract

In recent years, naturally derived tyrosinase inhibitors and antioxidants have become very important, since the synthetic ones are related with several side effects. As wild fruits are rich source of bioactive compounds, this study focused on the examination of Prunus spinosa L. (blackthorn) fruit extracts, widely distributed in our country. However, blackthorn extracts are not enough investigated, and there are only a few published works. Extraction efficiency of P. spinosa ultrasonic fruit extracts obtained by using different solvents (methanol, 70% (v/v) ethanol, 45% (w/w) propylene glycol and water) was evaluated, regarding polyphenolic profile, tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant activity. Results suggested that extracts with 45% propylene glycol and water were particularly rich in polyphenolic compounds (especially phenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins). The highest extraction yield was for 45% propylene glycol extract. This extract showed higher tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant activity compared to others, while the methanolic extracts had the highest chelating capacity. Therefore, P. spinosa fruit extracts, especially extracts obtained by ultrasonic extraction with 45% propylene glycol, have a great potential to be incorporated in some pharmaceutical formulations for obtaining tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant effects.

References

Aruoma OI, Grootveld M, Halliwell B (1987). The role of iron in ascorbate-dependent deoxyribose degradation. Evidence consistent with a site-specific hydroxyl radical generation caused by iron ions bound to the deoxyribose molecule. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 29(4):289-299.

Barros L, Carvalho AM, Morais JS, Ferreira ICFR (2010). Strawberry-tree, blackthorn and rose fruits: detailed characterisation in nutrients and phytochemicals with antioxidant properties. Food Chemistry 120(1):247-254.

Benzie IFF, Strain JJ (1996). The ferric reducing ability of the plasma (FRAP) as a measure of “antioxidants power”: the FRAP assay. Analytical Biochemistry 239(1):70-76.

Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset CLWT (1995). Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food Science and Technology 28(1):25-30.

Dinis TC, Madeira VM, Almeida LM (1994). Action of phenolic derivatives (acetaminophen, salicylate, and 5-aminosalicylate) as inhibitors of membrane lipid peroxidation and as peroxyl radical scavengers. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 315(1):161-169.

Ebanks JP, Wickett RR, Boissy RE (2009). Mechanisms regulating skin pigmentation: the rise and fall of complexion coloration. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 10(9):4066-4087.

Egea I, Sánchez-Bel P, Romojaro F, Pretel MT (2010). Six edible wild fruits as potential antioxidant additives or nutritional supplements. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 65(2):121-129.

Espín JC, Soler-Rivas C, Wichers HJ, García-Viguera C (2000). Anthocyanin-based natural colorants: a new source of antiradical activity for foodstuff. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48(5):1588-1592.

European Pharmacopoeia Commission (2017). European Pharmacopoeia (9th ed). Council of Europe, Strasbourg.

Fraternale D, Giamperi L, Bucchini A, Ricci D (2009). Antioxidant activity of Prunus spinosa L. fruit juice. Italian Journal of Food Science 21(3):337-346.

Fu B, Li H, Wang X, Lee FS, Cui S (2005). Isolation and identification of flavonoids in licorice and a study of their inhibitory effects on tyrosinase. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53(19):7408-7414.

Ganhão R, Estévez M, Kylli P, Heinonen M, Morcuende D (2010). Characterization of selected wild mediterranean fruits and comparative efficacy as inhibitors of oxidative reactions in emulsified raw pork burger patties. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 58(15):8854-8861.

Gegiu G, Branza AD, Bucur L, Grigorian M, Tache T, Badea V (2015). Contributions to the antimicrobial and antifungal study of the aqueous extract of Prunus spinosa L. Farmacia 63(2):275-279.

Guimarães R, Barros L, Calhelha RC, Carvalho AM, Queiroz MJR, Ferreira ICFR (2014). Bioactivity of different enriched phenolic extracts of wild fruits from Northeastern Portugal: a comparative study. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 69(1):37-42.

Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC, Aruoma OI (1987). The deoxyribose method: A simple “test tube” assay for determination of rate constants for reactions of hydroxyl radicals. Analytical Biochemistry 165(1):215-219.

Jabłońska-Ryś E, Zalewska-Korona M, Kalbarczyk J (2009). Antioxidant capacity, ascorbic acid and phenolics content in wild edible fruits. Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research 17(2):115-120.

Koleva II, Van Beek TA, Linssen JP, Groot AD, Evstatieva LN (2002). Screening of plant extracts for antioxidant activity: a comparative study on three testing methods. Phytochemical Analysis: An International Journal of Plant Chemical and Biochemical Techniques 13(1):8-17.

Maisuthisakul P, Gordon MH (2009). Antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of mango seed kernel by product. Food Chemistry 117(2):33-341.

Mikulic-Petkovsek M, Stampar F, Veberic R, Sircelj H (2016). Wild Prunus fruit species as a rich source of bioactive compounds. Journal of Food Science 81(8):C1928-C1937.

Morales P, Ferreira IC, Carvalho AM, Fernández-Ruiz V, Sánchez-Mata MC, Camara M, … Tardío J (2013). Wild edible fruits as a potential source of phytochemicals with capacity to inhibit lipid peroxidation. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 115(2):176-185.

Nile SH, Park SW (2014). Edible berries: bioactive components and their effect on human health. Nutrition 30(2):134-144.

Pinacho R, Cavero RY, Astiasarán I, Ansorena D, Calvo MI (2015). Phenolic compounds of blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) and influence of in vitro digestion on their antioxidant capacity. Journal of Functional Foods 19:49-62.

Price ML, Van Scoyoc S, Butler LG (1978). A critical evaluation of the vanillin reaction as an assay for tannin in sorghum grain. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 26(5):1214-1218.

Ratnam DV, Ankola DD, Bhardwaj V, Sahana DK, Kumar MR (2006). Role of antioxidants in prophylaxis and therapy: a pharmaceutical perspective. Journal of Controlled Release 113(3):189-207.

Sikora E, Bieniek MI, Borczak B (2013). Composition and antioxidant properties of fresh and frozen stored blackthorn fruits (Prunus spinosa L.). Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria 12(4):365-372.

Singleton VL, Orthofer R, Lamuela-Raventós RM (1999). Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Methods in Enzymology 299:152-178.

Rao MNA, 1997. Nitric oxide scavenging by curcuminoids. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 49(1):105-107.

Sun J, Chu YF, Wu X, Liu RH (2002). Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of common fruits. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 50(25):7449-7454.

Szajdek A, Borowska EJ (2008). Bioactive compounds and health-promoting properties of berry fruits: a review. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 63(4):147-156.

Temple NJ (2000). Antioxidants and disease: more questions than answers. Nutrition Research 20(3):449-459.

Valko M, Leibfritz D, Moncol J, Cronin MT, Mazura M, Telser J (2007). Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 39(1):44-84.

Velickovic JM, Ilic S, Mitic SS, Mitic MN, Kostic DA (2016). Comparative analysis of phenolic and mineral composition of hawthorn and blackthorn from Southeast Serbia. Oxidation Communications 39(3):2280-2290.

Woisky RG, Salatino A (1998). Analysis of propolis: some parameters and procedures for chemical quality control. Journal of Apicultural Research 37(2):99-105.

Downloads

Published

2019-04-10

How to Cite

STANKOVIĆ, M. I., SAVIĆ, V. L., ŽIVKOVIĆ, J. V., TADIĆ, V. M., & ARSIĆ, I. A. (2019). Tyrosinase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activity of Wild Prunus spinosa L. Fruit Extracts as Natural Source of Bioactive Compounds. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 47(3), 651–657. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha47311425

Issue

Section

Research Articles
CITATION
DOI: 10.15835/nbha47311425